We get the meaning of ranchod when we split it into two different words.
“Ran” means battlefield, “Chod” means to left. So, ranchod means someone who left/run away from the battlefield.
After the death of kamsa, his father-in-law jarasandh attacked mathura for 17 times consecutively in order to take revenge from yadavas. Each time he was defeated by krishna. But, by the 17th time Yadava's army was exhausted they couldn't able to fight over and over again and furthermore they got the news that jarasandha had formed a strong alliance with many other powerful kings and all they want is destruction of yadavas.
In order to save his people from his destruction, krishna planned to shift capital of mathura to dwarka which is the safest place according to him. Balaram refused, he wanted to fight and defeat jarasandh once for all. It’s him who warned krishna of getting the name of ranchod if he ran away from the battlefield. Krishna accepted this name in sake of his citizens.
Krishna said that he has already have several names, if a new name adds to that list. He welcomes it. Before jarasandh reach mathura, everyone in mathura have already fled from there. An enraged jarasandh orders the attack on an empty city and cursed krishna with the name “ranchod”.
This name isn’t actually not mean that krishna was a coward. He was able to slain jarasandh, but he didn't did. Saving people is more important for a diplomatic person rather than sacrificing their lives for to answer an enemy standing outside the door.
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